 By Laurie Venter
Written for the SA RR Club Magazine in about the late 1980’s when there was, once again, a push to completely eliminate the white from the RR’s. She is talking about a previous time this topic came up. At that time white was still quite prevalent and most breeders were doing their best to bred it down to the amount stated in the Standard but some were wanting to do away with it altogether. People are the key factor in breeding plans. Without their egos there wouldn’t be any shows. Long ago Paul said, “Parade all the dogs before a panel of judges and let them rate the dogs as to their individual excellence.” People LIKE to be important. They like to be shown respect. They have huge egos. This is why it is so dangerous to have our beloved breed subject to fashions. Opinions are formed by a strong individual and in expressing these to judges, other fellow colleagues, who ever, …the group is swayed and complies with the dominant party. People LIKE to change the emphasis in the breed standard, and this is what leads to what I term, fashions. It makes them powerful and strokes their egos. Either a new look at the breed will bring about a new direction in trying to produce the `perfect’ animal, or, direct changes will be made to the standard, changing the emphasis of what is needed and what is desirable. Unfortunately they make the changes without having studied the breed, the history of the breed, nor even having done a cursory research into whether this is a good idea or not. Usually they promote what they like and are used to, and this means promoting their dogs. For example the campaign to raise the height of dogs to 30” in the 1970’s. Again and again people try to change the standard. Sometimes they have succeeded. Take the question of WHITE. Take my mother in the 40’s, for example. She wanted an all over colour and so used to drown the pups which had white socks. When I spoke to the Bococks, Jack determinedly selected the one with the white foot, preferably both front feet being white, as his pick of litter. He did this on a number of occasions and so I questioned him as to why this was his preference. “It’s in the breed,” he said. “What’s in the breed,” I asked. “The white,” he replied, looking at me as though I was daft. “You like the white?” I asked. “It’s in the breed”, he said again. “Yes” I said. “But do YOU like the white?” “It’s eye catching.” “How come?’ He opened up, smiling at me. Perhaps my stupidity and determined questioning had amused him. “It’s eye catching when the dog runs into the ring. That lovely red with the flashing white feet looks good.” He reflected, pausing a while. “It’s better for the white to be even. If it’s uneven the dog can look as if it has an uneven gait.” I remembered that he was a judge and had judged dogs in Rhodesia as well as South Africa, and so had seen a lot across the breadth of the land. “How even should it be?” I asked, risking that gentle smile at my silly questions. “Well, two white feet are better than one,” he said. “One white foot can look as if the dog is lame.” He got a far away look in his eyes. “That’s why they decided to stop breeding for white. It was too difficult.” I thought about what he had said. Something was nagging at the back of my brains. “You said it is in the breed.” I nudged him back to the beginning. “Yes.” “What do you mean it is in the breed?” His clear blue eyes looked sharply at me. Suddenly he was serious. He was in his seventies. He loved these dogs, and had had Ridgebacks for many years. He knew and respected the breed. “You must never get rid of the white.” He stared at me, anxious, trying to make me understand something important. “Why not?” “Because the best dogs all had white.” “Best…in what way?” I asked. “You watch,” he said. “The one with the white is independent. He’s a thinker. I’ve seen it again and again.” Ah. So white was linked to character. Good character. Excellent character, in fact. Tom Hawley tackled me on the same subject. He was staying with us. A symposium was being held in Pretoria. He had not been invited and of all the South African breeders, who had contributed extensively to the breed, he had perhaps advertised Ridgebacks world wide, more than anyone else had had. Not to invite him and his dear wife Blackie to the symposium made a laugh of the whole affair. I contacted them and they were only too happy to come up from Aliwal North to attend. While walking around the farm and looking at the dogs he also adamantly declared that white were not to be eliminated from the breed. “It’s a part of the breed.” He echoed the conversation I had had with Jack Bocock. I told him how mother would drown the puppies, which had white feet. His face wrinkled in distaste. “Pity,” he said. “A lot of good dogs had white on them.” He pointed half way up his arm. “Kim of Houndscroft had white up his front leg.” I was startled. This dog appeared on the pedigrees. It showed how little I knew. “It’s not dominant,” Tom said. “White is not dominant.” He looked at me and jutted out his chin, as if daring me to contradict him. “He was a great stud,” he said. “A great stud.” “Did he have a lot of puppies?” “He was an excellent dog. Tall. He had a hard character. Well muscled.” But he was warned that if white was allowed without restriction then the chest blaze would be enlarged and would creep up the neck and leak down the upper arms, and the white on the feet would rise farther and farther up the leg. He warned that in the end the RR would look like a Boxer with a ridge. I thought about this huge piece of information I had been given. “The white was on a lot of good dogs. Kim of Houndscroft…..” He rattled off a lot of names. He looked directly at me. “Don’t ever get rid of the white. It goes with sound temperament.” Here were two great breeders who had implored me not to eliminate white. The third great breeder who helped to change my thinking was Bill Howard of Rockridge kennels. He too stated that white should be kept in the breed. None of these great breeders, however, ever advocated that we should allow more white than the Standard stipulated, nor keep a white soxed dog for breeding or showing. And what do we have with the passing of the years? We have fashions, which have come and gone. These depend on the current viewpoints. The Ridgeback breed is young for this rigid outlook. Think of Salukis and Afghans, where possibly 2000 years have passed and these breeds are still in existence. Right now, in Europe, dogs are being bypassed if the toenails are not all the same colour. What a strange thing to limit one’s breeding stock for so ridiculous a `fault’. This surely is a trend, a fashion, where a deliberate selection for minor issues can only bring in negative qualities over a period of time. When dogs get eliminated from breeding use, this narrows the pool of genes. We play god and change the breed by our selection and ordaining of the future matings.
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BY Wayne R Cavanaugh  “That judge doesn’t know the breed standard!” It’s a common declaration heard around the rings, a slightly angry statement, an editorial comment. When I hear it, I can’t help but think about what “knowing” a breed standard really means. If knowing the breed standard means reading and memorizing its words, it would be an elementary task. I can’t imagine that anyone would see a perfect score on a breed standard test as proper verification of breed knowledge. Yes, it’s part of the learning journey, but on their own, breed standards aren’t enough in a real quest for knowledge. The official requirements are: to memorize the breed standard, take a test, attend a seminar, get the certificate, find a mentor, and visit a breeder. While those are reasonable learning elements, they alone cannot make anyone an expert. First, the focus is on getting answers instead of learning how to ask ourselves the larger questions. Second, it means applying the standard to the current dogs at hand. Third, it understandably runs the risk of perpetuating someone else’s interpretation of the breed standard. While that can be a great interpretation, it can also just be a snapshot in time. The style of the day lives on, and we’ve explored nothing in depth about the core development of the breed. Gaining actual breed knowledge means going beyond the typical requirements. We must find ways to ask ourselves questions, even without answers, to create our own master tools instead of relying on the beginner’s set. It’s necessary to learn from the knowledge of others, but without finding other ways to seek our own answers, we won’t be able to see the standards come alive on the page and in the ring. My approach to learning has obvious personal biases and is sure to be incomplete to all and incomprehensible to some. I hope it sparks an interest in diving deeper into thinking, learning, and seeing things differently. Origin and Function While the standard may be the blueprint, nothing can be built without a sound foundation of origin, history, and function. The typical approach is to take the time to read the preambles in breed standards, on breed club websites, and in dog books. Learning from reading, however, is incomplete unless we simultaneously consider how each sentence relates to each and every specific part of the breed’s conformation, movement and temperament. It’s the “why” that’s important. For example, reading that function in a breed requires a long, deep muzzle offers zero references to the actual size and proportions of the muzzle. How long and how deep? And most important, why? If, for example, the breed’s function is to point and retrieve a pheasant, we need to know and consider the size of the pheasant. I’ll save you that step. The typical male ring-necked pheasant in the United States is 2.6 pounds and 3.5 feet long. The common pheasant in the UK is about the same length but dense at 3.3 pounds. Proportionally, for a 200-pound human, that’s similar to carrying a 10-pound, 3-foot-long bag of wet concrete by the teeth. Thinking about these seemingly inconsequential facts is the only way to ingrain in your brain the image of proper muzzle size and shape, other associated head elements, neck, shoulders and supporting front assemblies required to carry that particular game bird over distance. It is clearly not by basing proportions by the dogs in the ring which all may be wrong! Another example is whether a sighthound breed requires large round feet with thick pads for long distances in the sand? Find out why and how that relates to the function of other foot shapes. Related Breeds There is no better way to never learn about a breed than to study only that breed. Learning about the "related breeds," the family of breeds in which a breed exists, is key to understanding relative breed proportions. At the end of the day, it really is all relative. The English Springer Spaniel is described as the tallest and raciest of land spaniels. Beyond just measurements, knowing how tall and racy they should be required learning about the breeds in that extended family, their size and mass, and what makes each of them unique. You need to learn about English Toy Spaniels to learn about Cavaliers. And if you don't learn about Great Danes and Scottish Deerhounds, you may never understand the correct shape and outline of the Irish Wolfhound. Irish Wolfhounds are sighthounds, a massive rough-coated greyhound, and should have an outline to reflect that heritage. Yet, we still see judges award Irish Wolfhounds with Great Dane outlines. We need to learn about the related breeds to know the specifics of any breed. At the storied AKC Sesquicentennial Show in 1926, five dogs were entered as "Retrievers." Since then, six distinct retriever breeds have evolved. At the same show, spaniels were divided into Clumber, Cocker, Field, Irish Water, Springer, and Sussex. Still, there were no distinctions for English and Welsh Springers or American and English Cockers. Anyone studying those breeds should learn how, when and why they evolved before learning about any of them. What exactly sets each apart, and how does that relate to origin and function? Root Breeds "Root breeds" can be largely described as the crosses used to create a breed. Sorry, but the Ark didn't pull up to Crufts in 1891 and deposit all purebred breeds as we know them today. When we see uniformity within a breed today, it's easy to forget that over 80% of today's breeds are less than 120 years old. All breeds have root breeds. Our job is to learn what they are, what they contributed and why, and how much of those traits we want or don't wish to in today's breeds. Learning about root breeds also gives perspective into a breed's anatomical history. Learning to see a breed's anatomy while picturing its root breeds offers a unique insight into breed history and how a breed was developed. For example, pointer development likely included early infusions of foxhound and bloodhound for scenting, greyhound for speed and agility, and the occasional dash of white bull terrier for tenacity. Those root breeds only sometimes look today like they did a century ago when they were blended in, so further history homework is required. Meanwhile, consider the pointer's underline. The standard says, "tuck-up should be apparent but not exaggerated". On its own, that doesn't explain a thing. Apparent? How apparent? Exaggerated compared to what? The key to those answers is embedded in learning about the root breeds. Only then can we understand that too much tuck-up indicates too much greyhound, and straight, skirted underlines indicate too much scent hound. With that knowledge, we have specific and proportional information about what "not exaggerated" means at both ends of the spectrum.    Old Art
If you look at old prints by great dog artists, including Edmund Osthaus, Arthur Wardle, John Emms, Leon Danchin, Maud Earl and later, Boris Riab, you'll see that they all seriously studied the breeds and not just the individual dogs they drew and painted. They went beyond conformation. They masterfully folded the breed's temperament, intensity, and action into a vivid still image. Sometimes you'll see some forms of exaggeration for specific features, especially heads and tails. Our chance to ask them why has long passed, but I've always suspected they focused on unique breed traits, a subtle reminder of the elements of breed type. Old art is a fascinating way to trace a breed's development. We can see the breeds before they were developed into more specific breeds within the family of breeds. If you ask which setter, for example, is portrayed in an old painting, the answer may be none in particular. It was just a setter, the predecessor to the four setter breeds. The best artists were hired by patrons to paint their own dogs. Accordingly, many great paintings from the 1800s are of hunting and toy breeds owned by wealthy sportsmen and women of the Victorian era (1837-1901). Consequently, a spectacular representation of hunting and toy breeds exists as a treasure trove from which to learn. Art from the Victorian era is particularly interesting as a timeline of development. Many beautiful clues from the past are embedded in each pencil line or brush stroke. Old Photographs Following the great art of the mid-18th to mid-19th century came classic photographs of the 20th century. Photos from old catalogues, old dog magazines, and online are a great way to explore the reality of the day. One of the most accessible photo collections is the Best in Show and group winners from Westminster and Crufts. As I've mentioned before, all of these dogs were judged to be excellent examples of the same breed standards we use today. You'll have to be the judge of which one meets your interpretation of the standard. Then, sit back and consider what the writers of the original breed standards intended the breeds to look like. Consider what they might think of the dogs today. While there is no right or wrong, putting ourselves in their shoes is an interesting and often sobering experience. Geographical Differences While there are other excellent approaches to learning - for example, seeing dogs do their jobs and seeing how some breeds reflect the fashions of the day – one more to consider is geographical differences. This is a slippery slope in some breeds but necessary to consider, even if you disagree. If you haven't seen the breeds you're studying in their country of origin or in different unassociated countries, you'll miss a chance to fill in some gaping blanks. What are the essential differences between winning dogs from our country and the country of origin? What elements may have shaped these differences? Asking which is better is not the point. It's a matter of learning by seeing and understanding the differences and drawing our own conclusions. Summary To think that we know a breed standard by honing our ability to identify dogs that look like dogs that are winning today is total folly. First, it's not difficult to point to dogs that look like the winners of the day, but doing so can quickly turn a breed into a cartoon of itself. There is no better way to lose perspective of a breed than to think that the dogs before us are the only ones that ever existed. The only way to learn is to go far beyond what we see in the ring. We must learn to ask ourselves essential and sometimes difficult questions from the past and present before we can learn to see the whole dog, the sum of its parts, the essence of the breed. We need to discover new approaches to learning and question how best to apply those approaches to avoid becoming bandwagon judges following the trends of the day instead of blazing the future by learning from the past.  Training your puppy requires a huge patience, commitment and lots of consistency. Accidents - poop and pee bombs in your home are part of the process, but you can get the newest member of your family on the right track really quick and easy. Set up a good schedule! The schedule teaches puppies that there are times to eat, times to play and times to do their business. A puppy can control their bladder one hour for every month of age. So if your puppy is 2 months old, they can hold it for about two hours. Take your puppy outside frequently! At least every two hours—and immediately (we are talking about seconds): after they wake up during and after playing and after eating or drinking. If you will be late a bit - you will have a job to do :P Pick a bathroom spot outside! Always take your puppy (on a leash) to that spot. While your puppy is relieving themselves, use a specific word or phrase that you can eventually use before they go to remind them what to do.  Reward your puppy every time they eliminate outdoors! Praise or give treats—but remember to do so immediately after they’ve finished (within few seconds) not after they come back inside and let them finish the job before that, otherwise you may stop them with your distraction. This step is vital, because rewarding your dog for going outdoors is the only way to teach what's expected of them. Put your puppy on a regular feeding schedule! What goes into a puppy on a schedule comes out of a puppy on a schedule. Feeding your puppy at the same times each day will make it more likely that they'll eliminate at consistent times as well. Keep an eye on them whenever they’re indoors! 24/7 supervision is needed! Watch for signs that your puppy needs to go out. Some signs are obvious, such as barking or scratching at the door, squatting, restlessness, sniffing around or circling. When you see these signs, immediately grab the leash and take them outside to their bathroom spot. If they eliminate, praise them and reward with a treat. Mistakes happen! Expect your puppy to have a few accidents in the house—it's a normal part of house training and it is your fault, not pupps. Here's what to do when that happens:
TAKE THIS SERIOUSLY AND PROTECT YOUR DOGS! FLEAS, TICKS, MOSQUITOS AND SAND-FLIES CAN TRANSMIT DANGEROUS AND DEADLY DISEASES TO YOUR DOGS....THESE ARE PRESENT IN MEDITERRANEAN AREAS AND IF YOU PLAN YOUR TRIP TO A SEASIDE, YOU BETTER PROTECT YOUR RIDGIES!  Fleas are active throughout the year, considering that our homes are also their potential habitat. In addition to being a nuisance for our pets, they can also cause allergic skin inflammation in some dogs and cats and be mediators in the transmission of some tapeworms (which can also infect humans). While we still witnessed the regular changes of the seasons, ticks had a period of the year when they were at rest. Unfortunately, this has not been the case for years and ticks are active throughout the year. There are several types of ticks important for our pets that we find in Croatia and Mediterranean area.  Some of them choose moist and darker places (forests, bushes) while others choose an environment that is dry, so it is clear that they can be found all over our country. They can be carriers of some extremely dangerous and potentially fatal pet diseases such as: Piroplasmosis Anaplasmosis Ehrlichiosis and Borreliosis In addition, it is not pleasant to see them in our environment, considering that they can transmit the causative agents of some diseases that are dangerous for humans (borreliosis, tick-borne meningoencephalitis).  TICK We should not forget flying insects that pose a problem for us in the warmer months. There are several species that are important for our pets in terms of the pathogens they can transmit to them especially in the Adriatic areas. Mosquitoes can transmit the larvae of Heart and subcutaneous worms which then turn into adults and cause life-threatening problems for the dog.  MOSQUITO Sand-flies also transmit the causative agent of Leishmania which is a serious and almost incurable disease of dogs, and humans can also get sick from it.  SAND-FLY  HOW TO PROTECT YOUR DOGS? Antiparasitic collars against external insects give us the possibility to be calm for a long period of time, regardless of the area we live in and where we travel. SCALIBOR ANTIPARASITIC NECKLACE The Scalibor necklace is the only necklace on our market that provides protection against papillomas for 12 months! It provides protection against: diseases caused and transmitted by fleas during 4 months tick bites and diseases they transmit during 6 months bites and diseases transmitted by mosquitoes during 6 months flea bites and the diseases they transmit during 12 months I t is the only collar proven to be safe for breeding bitches, nursing bitches and breeding dogs. The necklace has no smell and does not lose its effectiveness if it gets wet - it is waterproof. Tip for the necklace to last as long as possible - keep it clean. After activities that could smear our pet's fur, wipe the collar with a clean cloth. If a thick layer of dirt prevents direct contact of the collar with the skin and hair of our dog - it can't even work properly, can it?  MADDOX WEARING SCALIBOR NECKLACE ADVANTIX SPOT ON SOLUTION  The hair on the medial ridge line (interscapular area) is separated so that the skin is visible. The tip of the pipette is placed on the dog's skin and squeezed several times so that all the contents come out. For dogs with a body weight of 25 kg to 40 kg, Advantix® Spot-on for dogs is applied to the skin along the back in several places. Contraindications: Must not be treated: – cats of any age - puppies younger than 7 weeks and lighter than 1.5 kg - individuals hypersensitive to the active auxiliary substances of the solution TABLETS  There are also tablets that protect from parasites but we are not fans of those because there were some registered strokes and reactions at dogs.
We always recommend to take these only if those are "must" to get rid of some parasites that are already transmitted to your dog.  You came home overjoyed with your new puppy and after two days realized that he has so much energy and wonder how to tire him out so you can have some peace :)? A puppy’s boundless energy can be explained by how curious they are about the world around them. Just like kids, they are experiencing things for the first time, and they are just starting to learn how their body works. Exploring all the things that they encounter is just so exhilarating for them. However, while it’s fun to play with puppies, their energy can be difficult to keep up with most of the time. Oh yes...this is your life at the moment. We know :). The good news is that they will calm down as they grow older, but in the meantime, there are several ways how to tire out a puppy in a healthy way. And it is the best way to get your life back in normal. So have on mind that engaging your puppy in exercise can help calm them down. But how much exercise? The thing is while puppies have high energy levels, it does not mean that they require tons of physical activity day by day. It is important to know that too much can negatively affect their health. Too much physical exercise can dammage their joints, bones and development. How much exercise should puppy get? Count how many months your puppy is, then multply it by 5. The number you get is "the minutes of puppy exercise" and this can be done 2-3 times per day. If your puppy is 3 months old - exercise last 3 x 5 =15 minutes few times per day
Physical and mental exercise Physical and Mental exercises are both recommended for dogs not only in puppy age but also later. The right amount of physical exercise not just helps calm your puppy down, it also aids in their growth and development. Exercising the brain is important as physical exercise because your puppy is still developing their cognitive abilities, providing mental stimulation will encourage problem-solving and enhance memory. So, you are not only calming your puppy down, you are helping them to develope their independed thinking, problem solving etc. Such mentally stimulating activities will also prevent your puppy developing destructive behaviours. Mental exercise helps tire your puppy out even better than physical one!
How much sleep does your puppy need? It’s true that puppies have a high amount of energy, but at the same time, they sleep a lot too. When a puppy sleeps, their brains process the information it gets when the puppy is awake, which is a lot when puppies are concerned. For a puppy, the normal amount of sleep that you can expect in a day is 18-20 hours. While it may seem like a lot, it is actually okay and is good for their health and development. Ensure enough sleep for your puppy and set the rythm of sleep and activity!  Let your puppy sniff and explore during your walks Apart from the physical activity involved in walking, letting your puppy sniff is mentally stimulating for them. As you may already know, a dog has a heightened sense of smell, and walks are the perfect venue for them to discover a multitude of scents. Every sniff exercises your puppy’s brain since they’re trying to figure out the many different scents that they can detect all around. This will make them tierd :)  Train your puppy to calm down If exercise still doesn’t calm your puppy down, you can teach them to calm down by using positive reinforcement training. Because a puppy that is seeking your attention welcomes any kind of attention, what you want to do is to only give them attention when they are behaving well or calming down, and ignore them when they are being too rowdy and energetic. When they calm down, you can praise and reward them. That way, they get to understand how to behave. Sit or Down commands help them understand the proper behavior. Dog training is easier when they’re still a puppy, so it’s best to do it as soon as possible.  Change-up your routes when walking Try different routes every now and then. That way, you’re pup will be able to discover more things, see new sights, and smell more scents. This may be refreshing for you too as you get to explore different sights. Toys and games Another way to tire out your puppy is to engage them with toys and games to keep them stimulated. For example, you can use food puzzles or freeze your puppy’s cong toy (with treats such as peanut butter inside). Yes, there are a variety of indoor busters that can help entertain your dog and calm them down. Give them also some sniff game activities. Throw them candies on a lawn so they may sniff and search!
 When your puppy gets overstimulated and thus tired, they may exhibit aggressive behaviors such as biting, running around wildly, and ruining your things. In such cases, when there is too much crankiness, the best thing to do is to calm your dog down. This includes keeping them away from busy environments and situations with too much stimulation.  Ways to Reduce Crankiness in Tired Puppies
You can help your moody, cranky puppy by reducing stimulation so to help him settle down, relax and nap. You can do this by taking the following steps: Bring your puppy to a quiet place where they usually sleep (crate, exercise pen). Remember, though, that puppies are very social; they're always happiest being near you. Remove access to overly stimulating toys. Encourage calming activities by offering snuffle mats, Licki-mats, and food puzzles. Provide a chew toy or edible chew to gnaw on top of a mat/ dog bed (these can act as pacifiers). Talk to your puppy in a quiet, soothing tone of voice. Act calm. This will help your puppy calm down too. Close all curtains and blinds. Turn lights off (or place a blanket over the crate). For young puppies, provide a shirt that smells like you or give the puppy blanket from the kennel that smell on siblings and mum.  There are a thousand ways to argue and explain the BARF diet, but I want to explain it to you in the simplest and most logical way possible. First, take a moment to look at your dog or cat… what do you see? When I look at my dogs I see a predator with nails (or claws in the case of the cat) to grab the prey, I see large canines that will be used to immobilize and kill, I see strong molars to chop up large pieces of meat and bones, I see powerful muscles and agile. Well.. so, do you think nature created it like this to eat nuggets or other industrial foods? The answer is no! Nature made it to hunt. Obviously a large dog will be able to hunt larger preys, while the cat will limit itself to hunting mice, birds, or small rabbits. This is the BARF, a prey reconstructed in its components and placed in a bowl, based on the needs of the predator that is facing it. A diet that follows the individual and his needs, a tailor-made diet where each component will have an indispensable nutritional contribution for excellent physical and mental health. In addition to the animal part, there will also be a vegetable part that will guarantee an optimal supply of fibers and vitamins, because in nature even the wolf loves to eat berries, fruit and herbs of different kinds. As mentioned before, the diet will exactly follow the needs of the individual, therefore an ad hoc plan will be created, with the help of the owner who will have to provide important information to the nutritionist, who will then follow you step by step in the various transition processes. Your pet will thank you, you can't make a better choice than following "mother nature". Ana Juric - Barf diet specialist   |
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